Session 1 Fundamentals of Combustion
Terminology, combustion chemistry, characteristics of different fuels and how they burn, proper fuel/air ratio, combustion limits, flame temperature, flame geometry and operational applications.

Session 2 Burners and Nozzles
Discussion of nozzle mix and premix burners, burner performance, including turn down, stability and excess air.

Session 3 Practical Fluid Flow & Piping Practices for Combustion Systems
Fluid flow in combustion systems, including relationships used for equipment sizing.  Discussion of blower types, construction, performance, fan laws, sizing and selection.

Session 4 Radiant Tube Burner Concepts
Theory, construction, application and maintenance of radiant tube burners for combustion systems.

Session 5 Combustion System Safety
A comparison will be made of the requirements of the various regulating bodie (ie IRL, FM, NFPA). Harware and alternative system design considerations will also be included (particular emphasis on gas trains).  Analysis will be made of specific applications and case histories.

Session 6 Flame Safety and Sequence Control
Discussion of the function and the need for flame monitoring equipment, technique for flame detection and the features of flame safety equipment.

Session 7 Fuel/Air Ratio Control
Atmospheric premix (proportional, mechanical I & II), ratio regulator, linked valves and control.

Session 8 Workshop Problem and Solution
A typical combustion-sizing problem will be presented for analysis by the participants.

Session 9 Heat Application - Low Temperature
Discussion of combustion systems used on various industrial heating applications where convection is the primary method of heat transfer. 

Session 10 Heat Application - High Temperature
Optimizing heat transfer of furnace combustion systems by relating current burner types and resultant flames to a number of industrial heating configurations.

Session 12 Optimizing Combustion Systems Performance
A typical manufacturing plant using melting, heating and heat treating furnaces and boiler isused as an example to illustrate how to organize and implement an energy use optimization program, designed to reduce total operating costs.  Each furnace and department is evaluated to show how energy conservation techniques, scheduling and operating practice improvements increase productivity, decrease costs and often reduce energy use.  The overall impact on NOx and CO2 emissions is tracked.

Session 13 Combustion Troubleshooting

Session 14 Intro to Hydrogen Combustion and Decarbonization 
As governments and others around the world push for decarbonization (decreasing CO2 emissions) in response to concerns over the warming of earth’s climate, many are looking for the industry to decrease its carbon dioxide emissions. As a result, hydrogen is being considered a potential low carbon alternative to traditional fossil fuels for use in industrial heating. This session will address the practicalities of using hydrogen for industrial heating by examining the environmental impact, compatibility with existing technology, and cost. In addition, other methods of CO2 reduction such as, electrification, the use of biofuels, and optimizing processes to reduce fuel consumption will be considered and compare to the use of hydrogen.

Session 15 Enhanced Combustion Efficiency
Descriptions of equipment, examples of applications and performance effects of recuperative and regenerative systems for thermal processes.

Session 16 Combustion Systems and the Environment
The mechanisms and variables that influence NOx formations, its environmental impact and control techniques are described.  Key topics include:  flame temperature, combustion control, burner design, process variables and post combustion control of emissions.

Session 17 Panel Discussion Combustion System Maintenance
To complete the seminar's comprehensive coverage of combustion systems, time is allocated for an open discussion of practical furnace maintenance activities.  Participants will have an opportunity to ask questions and share experiences and concerns with other attendees.